How to protect the
assets in your trust

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Stanley Broun

Head of Fiduciary and Tax

Trusts remain one of the most effective mechanisms for consolidating, preserving and transferring wealth across generations. When properly structured, they offer both flexibility and a meaningful degree of protection. However, these outcomes are not automatic. A trust is only as robust as the way it is established and governed. Here’s what you need to know.

For families seeking to safeguard assets over the long term, the detail matters. Assets held in a trust can, when correctly structured, provide protection against:

  • Claims by creditors
  • Divorce-related claims
  • Professional liability or malpractice claims
  • The erosion of wealth through financially inexperienced heirs
  • Undue influence of surviving spouses
  • The misapplication of funds intended for specific purposes, such as education
  • Claims from spouses or in-laws of beneficiaries
  • Unnecessary taxation on offshore assets
  • Political or jurisdictional risk
  • Delays in deceased estate administration
  • Executors’ fees (typically 4.03% of estate assets)
  • Capital gains tax on death (effectively up to 18% on growth assets)
  • Estate duty of 20% (or up to 25% above thresholds)
  • The freezing of personally held assets on death, limiting liquidity for dependants
  • The consequences of matrimonial regimes such as community of property.

Ensuring assets are protected

How can you ensure that assets do indeed enjoy the appropriate protection?

An offshore trust must be established as an irrevocable discretionary trust. This means the founder should not retain the right to cancel the initial donation to the trust, and must remain appropriately distanced from the trust assets.

You must not exercise control over trust assets as if they are your own. You may be regarded as having such control if:

  • As a trustee, you have a casting vote
  • You have the unilateral power to appoint or remove trustees
  • You channel trust payments and receipts through your personal bank account
  • You provide personal assets as security for trust liabilities.

Refrain from dealing with trust assets as if they are your own. This includes, for example, transacting on a trust bank account without proper trustee authorisation, or issuing instructions on an investment account without the requisite authority from the trustees.

Appoint an independent trustee. An independent trustee is generally someone who is neither a beneficiary of the trust nor related to any trustee or beneficiary, and who can therefore exercise objective oversight.

If you’d like advice on whether your trust assets are adequately protected, wish to set up or review a trust, or want to appoint an independent trustee, please contact Stanley Broun on +27 (0)11 778 6648 or stanleyb@privatewealth.sanlam.co.za.

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